It has become commonplace for media outlets to quickly portray the issue of gun violence in America as a mental health problem. Though mass shootings account for a large portion of the publicity for gun violence, they only account for a portion of all gun violence in America.Unfortunately, they are often labeled as fueled by mental illness, and this perpetuates the idea that those who are mentally ill are also dangerous. Though there are instances of gun violence and mental health, these occurrences are less common than the American populace is led to believe. The false narrative that gun violence can be curbed by proper mental healthcare and that these interventions will help to substantially control the epidemic that faces our nation, distorts the reality that there are other issues, such as the ease of access to guns that dictate how likely we are to have gun violence in our communities. If you are more inclined to listen to than read about the above issue please click the link below to an NPR Podcast regarding this topic.
NPR – Mental Health, Gun Violence, And Why America Connects Them
First let’s take a look at some of the CDC statistics from 2021:
- All homicides: 26,031 Deaths
- Firearm homicides: 20,958 Deaths
80.5% of all homicides are related to firearms
- All Suicides: 48,183 Deaths
- Firearm Suicides: 26,328 Deaths
- Suffocation Suicides: 12,431 Deaths
- Poisoning Suicides: 5,568 Deaths
54.64% of all suicides are related to firearms
There are 1.85x more suicides than homicides
As we can see from the data above guns are one of the most fatal forms of violence, which unsurprisingly makes them the most sought after method for ending the life of another or oneself. However, we should also note that suicides account for far more deaths than homicides in the above data, with a noted drop in percentages of gun-related deaths dropping nearly 25%. When this information is then compounded with the research on mental illness and violent crimes we see an interesting picture begin to develop.
“In the United States, less than 7 percent of violent
Simonsson, J. P., & Solomon, P. (2021). Misattribution of mental illness and gun violence. Social Work, 66(2), 170–172. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swab009
crimes can be attributed to people with psychiatric
disorders… only 2 percent to 3 percent of violent crimes
committed by this population involved the use of a
gun” (Simonsson & Solomon, 2021, p. 170).
This evidence points towards there being another reason that gun violence is so prevalent in American society, so while many American politicians and media outlets are scapegoating mental health as a larger contributing factor than it is, we are perpetuating a false narrative that further divides Americans from a solution that will be more effective.Some such measures that could prove to be far more beneficial include better gun safety practices by American citizens, more restrictive gun control laws, removal of guns from homes, and limiting access to guns.The ramifications of placing the blame on mental illness also crates a stigma that those who are mentally ill are dangerous, which can further perpetuate the stigma that having mental health issues or seeking mental health help are negative.
Perhaps the American Counseling Association and other national organizations say it best in their Statement on Gun Violence Crisis
“Attempts to connect mental illness to mass shootings are a distraction that inflicts enormous damage by taking attention from solutions that could actually prevent such events. This perpetuates a false narrative that encourages stigmatization of and discrimination against the millions of Americans living with mental health conditions who are more likely to be victims of violence than perpetrators of it.i In fact, persons with mental illness account for a very small portion of gun violence.ii While mental health conditions are common in countries across the globeiii, the United States is the only country where mass shootings have become disturbingly commonplace. In fact, firearms are now the leading cause of death for children and adolescents in the United States.iv Not coincidentally, the U.S. is also alone in making firearms widely available with few restrictions.”
American Counseling Association. (2022). Statement on gun violence crisis from 60 national organizations. ACA(WEBusage). Retrieved April 25, 2023, from https://www.counseling.org/news/news-detail/2022/06/06/statement-on-gun-violence-crisis-from-60-national-organizations
If you would like to do more, take a look at this previous post I made back in 2016, it is a general letter drafted to be sent to any congressman regarding the gun violence epidemic. Feel free to use or share as you see fit!